Afghanistan has a rich cultural heritage
covering more than 5,000 years. Afghanistan
lies across ancient trade and invasion routes from Central Asia into India. This position
has been the greatest influence on its history because the invaders often settled there. It is also called the land of Khyber Pass.
In about 2000 to
1500 B.C the Aryans were in Afghanistan and it is in this period that the Rig Veda or the
basis of Indian Philosophy was establihed in the Himalyan Ranges. The City of Kabul, is
thought to have been established during this time.
After this time the Zorastrian religion was introduced by Zoroaster. In 300 B.C Alexander the Great conquered Afghanistan,
but failed to really subdue its people. Then
in 50 A.D.King Kanishka of India established his rule and introduced Buddhisim in the
land. In 400 A.D. the White Huns invaded Afghanistan
and destroyed the Buddhist culture and left most
of the country in ruins. In 600 A.D. the Arabs introduced Islam into Afghanistan. In 1200 A.D, Afghanistan was invaded by Genghis
Khan of Mongolia. He destroyed its great
irrigation systems, which turned fertile soil into deserts. In 1736 Nadir Shah (head of Persia)
occupied Afghanistan. In mid 1700 Nadir Shah is assassinated, and the Afghans rose once
again and established modern Afghanistan. In
the 1800’s and after there were continuous struggles between Britain and Afghanistan.
In 1934 the United States of America formally recognized Afghanistan.
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